Sustainable development free essay sample

The term sustainable development (SD) was first added in The Brunt land report, in 1987, and the definition thus offered: to meet the demands of the present age in such a way as not to hinder the fulfillment of the requirements of the upcoming ages. SD of natural assets in general implies utilising of assets in such a way which could be recovered naturally and help in raising the personal needs of the population. Thus, humans and environment are the two sides of the same coin of sustainability. (Chattopadhyay and Carpenter 1991).The real challenge faced by the development by sustaining is the test of accomplishing ecological protection resource administration without trading off the objectives of development furthermore, improvement.(Bartik 2005).It is an exertion and an outline to raise poor nations of the world from social disadvantage, worldwide imbalance and waste.(Berke and Conroy 2000). We can concur that the significant issue looked by the world today as yet the obstinate issue of destitution as well as hunger. We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Accomplishing nourishment security requires more than just creating food.(Dyck 1998). General points of view of monetary advancement are being progressively observed as a superior promotion in security of food than nourishment creation alone.(Conroy 2006). As we are in the 21st century, another issue in business is being confronted i.e the development of Trans National Corporations, which controls the various asset approaches on the plan. As the Trans National Corporations can procure Foreign Direct Investment , poor nations are bringing broad administrative transitions in their financial assets and strategies to make themselves as alluring venture regions for FDI, thus disturbing their economical balance. (Krizek and Power 1996).The achievment of sustainable growth in livelihood is identified with the economy in different countries which we can say is sustained. An indebted nation, when suddenly is made to reimburse the obligations, accelerates creation of essential materials pushing the costs additionally down.(Rogers 1996). Livelihoods can be preferably economic in nature when all partners are in able shape and have appropriate access to resources. (Jepson 2007).As a result existing conditions should be adjusted and by suggesting a step in the path of power relations towards balance. To accomplish this, thusly, consideration regarding administration is necessary.(Williamson 1999).Development in economy cant be converted into monetary prosperity till dissemination of expenses and advantages of both money related and assets in monetary approaches is represented.(Milani 2000). The customary encouragement provided by the national organizations is seen to be not so sufficient for sustainable growth of nations which are developing . The trial of changing of life ways also the method of creation would require a mechanical change towards an equitable arrange.(Zeemering 2009). The essential necessity is to convert the worldwide financial framework more fair and just for developing nations in order to get to it more energetically.(Berke and Conroy 2000). It would likewise require a firm activity towards adjusting with credits with the goal that the nations in bad state may liberate from the obligation trap furthermore; take concern on economic recuperation programs.(Conroy and Beatley 2007). development in sustainablity is necessary up on the advancement of the nations under developing condition and ecological administration.(McMurtry 1999). Sustainable Development free essay sample Advancement ought to dependably be significant in nature. It is a procedure of long haul character; it doesnt stop anyplace, whenever. Managed endeavors should dependably be on to procure the products of feasible improvement. As right on time as in 1987 out of a Report entitled Our Common Future?, the Brundtland Commission characterized manageable improvement as development, which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Broad endeavors by the administrations, worldwide associations, nearby specialists, business, native gatherings and people are being made, over the globe, to operationalize the assignment of maintainable advancement. A World Summit on Sustainable Advancement was held in Johannesburg in 2002 which brought about Johannesburg Plan of Execution (JPOI) and was submitted for accomplishing universally concurred improvement objectives including United Nations Millennium Declaration, United Nations, Framework Tradition on Climate Change, Convention on Biodiversity, Convention to Combat Desertification and non-restricting focuses of the Fo restry Principles. We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable Development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Constitution of India guarantees to all the Indian natives, Justice-social, financial and Political Equality-of states and opportunity-and the Dignity of the person. The Right to Life is given in Article 21 including appropriate to clean condition, ideal to vocation, appropriate to live with respect. Also, the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) guarantee distributive equity including social and financial equity; it is an obligation upon the state to ensure whats more, enhance nature and protect the woods and untamed life. The soul of practical advancement has been verbalized in the National Ecological Policy (NEP) of 2006 which expresses that such an advancement which regards environmental requirements and the goals of social equity must be viewed as manageable improvement; generally not. Given, I. Individuals appreciate a fair personal satisfaction, ii. Individuals ought to end up fit for perceiving the limit of the biosphere and iii. That neither the yearning of a decent life nor the acknowledgment of the breaking points of the biophysical world ought to block the more prominent equity on the planet, the major goals of manageable advancement are thought about achieved.This paper is an endeavor at an investigation of practical Sustainable Development in India in different sectors, in view of the distributed sourcesAgricultureSince agriculture is the backbone of India, it is clear this part should be supported on top priority. The Indian National Agricultural Policy (NAP) notes that, the policy will seek to promote technically sound, economically viable, environmentally non-degrading, and socially acceptable use of countrys natural resources- land, water and genetic endowment to promote sustainable development of agricultureIndustryIn the Industry sector, the 1991 Industrial Policy Statement endeavored at building up policies went for the accompanying:1) Empowering entrepreneurship,2) Creating indigenous innovation3) Bringing up new innovations,4) Disassembling the licensed permit framework,5) Building up the capital market and6) Expanding competitiveness for the advantage of the basic man-all went for advancing improvement which is sustainable in nature. Investment, Trade and Technology Up gradationThe post-liberalization period cleared less demanding routes for FDI and innovation exchanges and others – all went for advancing development in the nation. Assembling exercises have been advanced through Special Economic Zones (SEZs). In the Trade Front, huge approach activities have been brought through downsizing of levy hindrances, halfway destroying of the arrangement of import and fare licenses and simplification of different makers being taken after earlier to 1991 in the Trade Sector.Infrastructure-Banking and Social InitiativesDevelopment of the power area was being advanced by arrangement activities as the Electricity Act, 2003, the National Electricity Policy 2005 and Tariff Policy 2006 – all making a helpful domain for interests in the power part in the nation; utilization of sustainable wellsprings of vitality was urged essentially adding to the development of framework in India. Added to this, the budgetary segm ent changes, started in the 1990s, tried to make a proficient, beneficial and gainful budgetary division in the nation went for general monetary strength. Additionally, the Indian capital market was opened up for Remote Institutional Financial specialists.Sustainable Development – AchievementsSocial: The Nation, right now, has been encountering the procedure of statistic progress from high fertility, high mortality to low fertility and low death rates. The normal development rate of populace declined from 2.2% to 1.9 % in the vicinity of 1994 2001. Likewise, in the vicinity of 1990 2010 the aggregate Fertility Rate has descended from 3.95 to 2.8%. It is a good thing to take note of that in the country, the life expectancy has expanded; the newborn child mortality and the under-five death rates have declined. Economic: Though the offer of horticulture in Gross Domestic Product has diminished to 14.2% in 2012-13 from 25% in 2000, all things considered, India is the second biggest maker of rice and wheat on the planet. In the mid 1990s, the tertiary area has seen fast development whose offer in Gross Domestic Product has expanded from 47% in 1990 to 56.3 % in 2012-13, where the IT and ITeS have contributed extensively by creating wage, work and development.Environment: As far as level of aggregate topographical zone, the timberland cover in India is evaluated at 21.02%. Activities through Joint Forest Management (JFM) and Green India Mission have included nearby groups in Natural Resource Management in the nation. India, surprisingly, has some real accomplishments in the zone of Clean Energy. There has additionally been an expansion in the Renewable Grid Capacity, adding up to around 11% of the aggregate Grid Installed Capacity of March, 2011.

Project Management on World Trade Organization ministerial Conference of 2005 The WritePass Journal

Project Management on World Trade Organization ministerial Conference of 2005 Executive Summary Project Management on World Trade Organization ministerial Conference of 2005 ). High Power, Low Interest Hong Kong as one of the key members of the WTO was the host to the fifth ministerial conference   in the year 2005. Though being a key member, Hong Kong has not shown much interest in the activities of the WTO and has not taken any proactive steps in issue resolution of the ongoing issues of the WTO. Be it agriculture or environmental issues,Hong Kong remains to be a silent spectator in most cases which clearly indicates the lack of interest in influencing the member states or steering them to decision making on specific issues (BBC, 2013). Low Power, High Interest The farmers and the agriculture community worldwide have high interest in the activities of the WTO as the trade agreements that are negotiated and agreed upon have a serious bearing on their livelihood and concerns. There is a growing concern relating to fairer trade markets, food security and farming subsidies. Though there is a lot of interest shown by the farming community, they do not have the power to speak and hence do not have the influencing capability. The increase in the suicide rates of farmers is also attributed to the failure of WTO to understand their concerns and the lack of transparency and inequality in dealings of the WTO (Long, 2007; Shiva, 2014). Researchers also suggest that there is a lack of understanding from the WTO committee members on the needs of the farmers and the decisions made are not in line with their demands (Anderson and Martin, 2005). Low Power, Low Interest The last type of stakeholders have the least power and are also not very much interested in the activities of the WTO.   The citizens of Hong Kong for example, belong to this stakeholder group. Given that the multilateral agreements are huge and complex, the authorities do not have the capacity and capability to scrutinise the details of all contracts. Also, the authorities of a country are not held accountable for the negotiations and agreements signed. This makes them lose interest given that they neither have the power nor the capacity to influence the decision making. Also there are restrictions that prohibit them from questioning the authority (Keohane and Nye, 2001; Scharpf, 2000). Stakeholder Management Stakeholder management is essential for the smooth communication and functioning of an organisation and also to ensure that the objectives of the organisation are achieved. Stakeholder management should be in line with the strategic management objectives of the organisation and the type of the stakeholder that needs to be satisfied should be taken into account depending on the organisation type in order to ensure that these expectations are met. It is essential to first identify the various stakeholders, their role in the organisation, the decision making authority they have in the organisation and how much their ideas or ideals would affect the success of the organisation. Once these are identified, it is essential to develop a stakeholder management strategy that is aimed at not only satisfying these stakeholders but also helps achieve the overall objective of the organisation (Freeman, 2001). In a multicultural organisation or where the organisation is huge and spans across different continents and cultures, the stakeholder management strategy becomes inevitable. It defines the communication methods and helps understanding the do’s and don’ts in each geographic location. It also helps achieve transparency in operations and facilitates better participation of the stakeholders in the decision making process. Stronger business decisions that are sustainable, long term and ethical are facilitated by a good stakeholder management approach (Carroll and Buchholtz, 2014). Communication Management Researchers believe that not all stakeholders of an organisation have equal importance. For example, in a non-governmental organisation which is aimed at helping people, the pubic might be the key stakeholder as opposed to a business organisation which aims at satisfying the primary needs of the shareholders. Hence, in a diverse world where the needs of the organisations differ, it is essential to understand the primary stakeholders who needs to be satisfied and devise a communication management plan to ensure that the communication to these stakeholders are made in near real-time and in an effective manner (Podnar and Jancic, 2006; Jacobson et al, 2009). Tuckman’s Communication Model Bruce Tuckman devised a five step communication model in the year 1975. These five steps includes: Forming Storming Norming Performing and Adjourning Forming: This is where the leader gives the guidance to the team and the initial stage in the communication process. This is a stage where the roles and responsibilities are unclear Storming: Brainstorming activities take place, compromises happen, clarity increases and the team members get a basic understanding of what is required of them Norming: The team members agree by consensus. The leader facilitates the decision making but the team members are now in a position to agree. The roles and responsibilities defined by the leader in the forming stage are now very clear and evident. Performing: The team members are strategically aware and are able to execute their responsibilities and perform better in order to achieve the goals. They work on their own and there is very little interference from the leader. The leader is called for when there is guidance required both in terms of personal and interpersonal development Adjourning: Also known as Deforming or Mourning, refers to the breaking up of the group after the successful completion of the task. This stage involves identification of good performers, the well-being of the team and also measuring the performance. (Tuckman, 1977) Conclusion This report gave a brief about the role of the project manager in the HK 2005 WTO ministerial conference and the various stakeholders, the level of interest and the power to influence the decision making of the WTO. Furthermore, this report also discussed effective stakeholder management techniques and methods, communication strategy in relation to the WTO. References Freeman (1984) Strategic Management, A Stakeholder Approach, Pitman, Boston Podnar, K., Jancic, Z. (2006). Towards a categorization of stakeholder groups: An empirical verification of a three†level model. Journal of Marketing Communications, 12(4), 297-308. Jacobson, S. K., McDuff, M. D. (2009). Communication as an effective management strategy in a diverse world. Wildlife and Society: The Science of Human Dimensions. Tuckman, B. W., Jensen, M. A. C. (1977). Stages of small-group development revisited. Group Organization Management, 2(4), 419-427. Carroll, A., Buchholtz, A. (2014). Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Cengage Learning. Freeman, R. E., McVea, J. (2001). A stakeholder approach to strategic management. Scharpf, F. W., Schmidt, V. A. (Eds.). (2000). Welfare and work in the open economy: volume ii: diverse responses to common challenges in twelve countries (Vol. 2). Oxford University Press. Keohane, R. O., Nye, J. S. (2001). Power and interdependence (Vol. 3). New York: Longman. Shiva, Vandana (2014) Of food, farmers and WTO’s doublespeak, Available at: asianage.com/columnists/food-farmers-and-wto-s-doublespeak-972 accessed on 06/12/14 Long, Jessica (2007):â€Å"WTO Kills Farmers†: India Free Market Reforms Trigger Farmers’ Suicides, Global Research Anderson, K. and Martin, W. (2005), Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda. World Economy, 28: 1301–1327. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00735.x BBC (2013): Profile: World Trade Organization, Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/2429503.stm accessed on 05/12/14 WTO (2005): Hong Kong WTO Ministerial 2005: Briefing Notes, The â€Å"Win-Win† Potential for trade and environment, Available at: wto.org/english/thewto_e/minist_e/min05_e/brief_e/brief11_e.htm accessed on 05/12/14 HKPA (2006): Hong Kong People’s Alliance on WTO, Wayback Machine, Available at: Accessed on 05/12/14 Target WTO (2005): Target World Trade Organisation, Available at: targetwto.revolt.org/ Accessed on 05/12/14 Alam S (2008): Sustainable Development and Free Trade, Institutional Approaches, Routledge, UK Heydon K (2006): After the Hong Kong Ministerial Meeting: What is at stake?, OECD, France United Nations(2005): Perspectives from the ESCAP Region after the Fifth WTO Ministerial Meeting: Ideas and Actions Following Cancà ºn (Studies in Trade and Investment), United Nations

Ishmael Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Ishmael - Essay Example The idea is to have the government forces the citizens into the idea of having no personal property until they are used to it, then the government can dissolve. The problem that Ishmael is discussing is that people are trying to fix a system within a prison, but no matter what, being in that prison will prevent any perfection of any system. This system that is being referred to is society. What is basically being argued throughout the book is that it does not matter how hard people attempt to fix the system, it will inevitably fail because it is still within the prison. More aptly put, society is the prison and the system at the same time that we are trying to fix. There are various reasons that we will be unable to fix society. The book defines two concepts which are important to understand why society cannot be fixed. The first is Takers, which refers to people of the heritage from the agricultural revolution. The second is Leavers, which refers to people who those of other non-Taker cultures, which might be referred to as primitive. The character Ishmael states that it is because Takers view themselves as being responsible and in charge of other species. Because Takers are not perfect, omnipotent beings, there is no way for them to be able to discern what should actually be done in regards to other species. This is basically why our society will not work, and the view put forward by the book is that society will continue to be ineffective to the point that it will wipe out the Takers, the very thing that it was supposed to have been set up to save in the first place. This is ultimately what the quote means. To mention communism again, state-mandated redistribution of wealth is not going to work, according to Ishmael. It is simply an attempt to construct the system in such a way as to perfect the system, but of course as

Denver Art museum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Denver Art museum - Essay Example Martin Plaza serves as an interesting hub to the Civic Center Cultural Complex. The four featured staples in this area are ‘Denver Monoliths’ by Beverly Pepper, ‘Scottish angus Cow and Calf’ by Dan Ostermiller ‘Big Sweep’ by Coosje Van Bruggen and Claes Oldenburg all ranging between 13-40 feet and inside the Hamilton Building is ‘ENGI’ by Tatsuo Miyajima right by the El Pomar Grand Atrium (Denver Art Museum, pars. 1-4). The most fascinating among these paintings for me is the 35-foot sculpture the ‘Big Sweep’ created by Coosje Van Bruggen and Claes Oldenburg. The sculpture is a gigantic installation of a broom and dustpan in color. The strands of the broom is actually in a sweeping motion where there are pieces of what appears to be crumpled white paper projected right into the oblique position of the dustpan. This gives the impression of movement and that the pieces of trash are actually being brushed into the receptacle and the final act would entail having to dispose of the same. It is a very colourful and attractive piece of art with the vibrancy of the paint colors used to complete it. The dustpan is large solid blue shaped in a handheld sort complete with a whole on the upper side of the grip where such item is hooked onto the wall for storage. The broom has the feel of flexibility with its threads on relatively different angles in varied colors such as blue, black and red. The band which holds the strand of the broom clenches it to the handle of the broom in solid yellow. The most prominent smaller parts of the sculpture are the two crumpled white pieces that looks like paper. On the flooring are dusts of white which completes the whole idea of a dirty surrounding in need of cleaning. The sculpture, with its bright colors and mundane appeal, can be easily mistaken for somewhat like a comedic piece by any other person. To a small child it is not far fetch to view it as the kind of things one sees in a playground. The fact of its

Propsal Essay revison Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Propsal revison - Essay Example The immediate effects anticipated in these circumstances are extreme reduction in the ingenuity and creativity among the working group often leading to lower productivity levels. Such type of situations could also result in the lowering loyalty to their task that ultimately causes radical reduction in the profits. Various successful initiatives have been reported across the world towards the retention rate of the employees in the organizations, ex: study at NASA. The aerospace industry faces Herculean tasks of retaining a satisfied team with very few graduating into the employment scene from the schools. Therefore the committed and capable team being forced to look out for alternate employment the shortage of adequate talent and high pressures on meeting the specific business targets. The research on NASA Marshall Space Flight Centre shows that practicing appropriate and innovative ways to retain their employs is fruitful (Herdey et al, 2008). Ineffective understanding and communication are the reasons that often turn employees restless and lead to disastrous outputs. Such a scenario finally ends in job switching, where he hopes to have better environment of work. To take hold of such migration across organizations, different techniques are practiced to boost motivation. And from a large pool of different methods, incentive systems are found to be most widely practiced. But most often the incentive systems make the employees to orient them towards the inventive component rather than achieving organizational goal. Also, an effective incentive, that promotes retention, drastically varies across persons, teams, companies, organizations and customers (Pavla, 2002). Quanta Energized Services, largest electric service contractor which provides total system solutions to the new challenges emerging in the electrical utilities sector resulting from deregulation and open transmission. The major business activities are related to the maintenance,

Athol Fugard And Realism Theatre English Literature Essay

Athol Fugard And Realism Theatre English Literature Essay Athol Fugard is regarded as one of South Africas greatest realist playwrights. His works often dealt with topics that were seen as controversial and taboo in their time. He was someone who was not afraid to push boundaries and fight against the norm of society. He believed that one could make more impact if they stood up for what they believed in rather than accepting the life they were given. Some of his plays were known to be semi-autobiographical and depicted glimpses of his own life. Athol Fugard was very successful not only because his works were published from the 1960s all the way through to the 1980s, but also because he wrote plays which mass audiences enjoyed watching. His plays were most famous as realist drama which reflected society at the time. He was evidently unhappy with the socio-political situation of his country and found that the only way he could protest was through his writing which realistically showed the prejudices of society at the time. The harshness of Apartheid is shown through most of his plays in order to shed light on the terrible times African people faced. Realism theatre is the opposite of Romanticism. It is a form of theatre which depicts reality and can portray political events with certain opinions. This perfectly describes Athol Fugards style. Fugard used realism to protest against the government and found it to be a way in which he could stand up against what he believed to be morally wrong. He used emotive portrayals of everyday situations to make audiences think about their own society. It held a mirror up to the South African society at the time and the government did not want one playwrights ideas infecting the minds of the so called inferior races, namely the Black and Indian people. Master Harold and the boys is one of Fugards best works which was set in South Africa during the Apartheid era. It was originally banned by the South African government, led by the National Party (NP), because it shuns the racism and hatred of everyday apartheid society. The characters of the play are typical of South Africans at the time with the black servant being unable to speak proper English, the young white boys father who is suffering from an addiction to alcohol and the African acceptance of allowing a white master to treat them as inferior and inflict pain on them without any reasoning. The two main themes shown throughout this play are anger and hatred. Sam, the one African servant, who has been a long suffering victim of these prejudices, has attempted to transcend the hatred and anger. He acts as a surrogate father to Hally by teaching him valuable life lessons, imparting wisdom on the boy and by doing small, kind acts like building a kite for him, all while Hallys father drank himself into a stupor. Hallys father became an alcoholic after he lost a leg in the 2nd World War. The policies of the South African government in the mid 1950s allowed for a certain amount of hatred and anger between whites and blacks. As shown in this play when Hally finds out his tyrant of a father will be returning from the hospital he decides to humiliate the servants, Sam and Willie, by forcing them to call him Master Harold and then continues by unleashing years of suppressed pain and anger onto his two African friends. The play is left open ended to allow the audiences thoughts and imagination, on what could possibly happen, run wild. The play played an important role in showing the audience all things wrong with their lives. It showed the white people that acting as if they were a superior race would get them nowhere in the future. It showed the African people how they should no longer allow the whites to take such immense control over them and how self-determination would need to be created in order to move away from this ultimate control the white race had. Fugard knew that by writing a play such as this, his audience would be able to relate to all the current affairs in South Africa. The 2nd World War had just ended and this links up with Hallys father having just fought in the war. Apartheid was playing a major part in many individuals lives as all people were now classified into specific races and then divided into their own categories. From this classification, the idea of superiority vs. inferiority quickly grew. Another famous play written by Fugard is Blood Knot. This play shows us how classification into different race groups were almost tear families apart. The two brothers live together in a one room shack in a rundown, coloured area of Port Elizabeth. Although Morris and Zachariah are of classified into different race classes they continue to support each other through the hard times they have to endure. Zachariah is illiterate but when he decides to start sending letters to a female pen-pal, he dictates his letters while his brother Morris writes them. The theme of illiteracy vs. literacy in this play shows the audience that people with a darker skin are less likely to be educated than people with that of a lighter skin. This has the long term effects of Zachariah never being able to apply for a proper job, or learn how to read and write later on in life. Morris is so worried that the police will find out they have written letters to a white woman that he wants to burn all evidence imm ediately. This just shows how terrified the African people were of the White people, and because of what? Their skin colour? When Ethel decides to visit them in Port Elizabeth, Zachariah is so excited but is worried she will not like him for being black and decides to send his fairer skinned half brother, Morris, in his place. When Ethel decides to marry and rather refrain from visiting Zachariah, he is deeply hurt. Morris helps his brother through this as if there were no race barriers dividing them. This was yet another play of Athol Fugards which was banned by the government. The two actors who performed this were both arrested and new censorship laws were quickly implemented which stated that racially mixed casts and audiences were strictly prohibited. The government soon began on a rampage with the introduction of new policies in order to show the African people who was in control. This play was to left hanging, there was no real conclusion as Athol Fugard would prefer to have his audience think for quite some time after watching such a show. The play is set in a rundown, coloured area of Port Elizabeth where these two men live in a one room shack. They have barely any money and after Zachariah spends their life savings on a new suit for his brother, Morris is worried about how they will continue to buy food and other basis goods without any money. Aspects such as this are able to impact the audience and show people how different others lives really are. Whether a Black man or a White man was watching this play, in one way or another they would both be able to take something from this. Their minds would be open to Fugards ideas about inferior and superior races, and how they are just ways of the government allowing the control over the South African people. Fugards plays have not only caused people to think outside of the box, but have also allowed us as the audience to see what life was really like during Apartheid times. We are able to look at the dictator aspects the South African government brought into play and how they used the idea of superior vs. inferior races to place themselves on the top of the social hierarchy. Fugard is able to open our eyes to what our country was once like and is constantly reminding us of what we should try to never return to, a place of segregation, unnecessary hatred and constant abuse against people of a different race. No race is better than any other and Athol makes this clear throughout each and every one of his remarkable plays.

Factors that affect the rate at which Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) reac

I am to investigate the factors that affect the rate at which Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) reacts with Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). When sodium thiosulfate is mixed with hydrochloric acid, a reaction takes place, leading to a precipitate of sulphur being formed. This turns the solution cloudy. I shall use this clouding to investigate a factor that affects the rate of reaction, the factor being temperature. To do this, I shall react Sodium Thiosulfate with Hydrochloric Acid at a range of temperatures, between 20 °C and 40 °C, at 5 °C intervals, leading to 5 results. The experiment shall be carried out twice, to give accuracy, and allowing me to check for agreement between results. I predict that as the temperature that the reaction takes place at increases, the less time it will take for the reaction to take place and for the solution to cloud. My prediction is based on the collision theory, which says that  · Reacting species must hit together  · Species must hit together with more than the activation energy needed Increasing the temperature of the atoms taking part makes them move more and faster, enabling more collisions to take place, speeding up the reaction. The added heat energy also allows more collisions to have the required activation energy, again, speeding up the reaction. In order to make this experiment a fair test, I changed only one input variable, the temperature. I kept the amount and concentration of the liquids the same (20m...