Business management and a career path in marketing Essay

Business the board and a lifelong way in advertising - Essay Example There is a scope of proposed vocation ways that are accessible to understudies who attempt a degree in business the executives. Business the board has an immense extension and graduates in the subject can pick among different profession including occasion the executives, tasks the board, sanctioned administration account, advertising consultancy, business consultancy, coordinations the board among different alternatives. It is basic to make reference to here that as business the executives understudies are shown the specialty of acing business all through their instruction; most understudies are seen taking a little industry experience by working with organizations. With the end goal of this paper, our center will stay towards the zone of advertising as we talk about the aptitudes and basics required for an individual to prevail in this field. There are numerous aptitudes and subject matters that should be aced in the event that one needs to pro in the field of promoting. These regio ns incorporate, however are not constrained to business investigation, online life information, inside and out information on information representation, specialized abilities, cooperation, delicate aptitudes, lastly newsjacking. We will currently take a gander at every one of these regions in detail and take a gander at the methods of creating information and aptitudes in said zones. Business investigation alludes to patterns and practices. An investigation of business examination is exceptionally fundamental for a solid promoting profession as examination takes a gander at buy history of clients, searches for designs in their inquiry practices and so on to associate prompts the organization.

Zoology article from NYT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Zoology article from NYT - Essay Example Evidently, they can mate with a subsequent female in the event that she is a virgin and overwhelming. Utilizing the Argiope bruennichi species, the examination found that 80% of the occasions, the females were effective in eating their mates after the underlying sexual intercourse (Bhanoo). During the mating procedure, the pedipalp that moves the sperm from the male is severed while in the female to frame an attachment. Therefore, this forestalls any ensuing preparation of eggs by different guys. The male has two pedipalps, along these lines can mate twice in their life. In the event that the male mates with a virgin, he makes sure about all 100% paternity of every one of their eggs. In any case, if the female is certifiably not a virgin, the spider’s chance at paternity diminishes by 90%. Moreover, the guys can just mate promptly in the day with a similar female. Later on in the day, the male bug looks to mate with a subsequent arachnid. This is a look into paper between a zo ology related article from the New York Times and a unique logical article by the researcher Sindya Bhanoo. In the logical article, Conditional monogyny: female quality predicts male devotion, Bhandoo and his partners found that this palp expulsion diminished the heaviness of the male circle web creepy crawly, and along these lines, expanding its endurance fundamentally. This, thus, upgrades the spider’s perseverance limit.

Going To College Abroad What You Need To Know

HomeApplyPlanGoing To College Abroad? What You Need To KnowThis page may contain affiliate links.May 22, 2019 Has your child ever considered going to college abroad? Imagine Spring Break in Paris or Rome, without running into horrible credit card debt. Or studying only what is important, without having to get up for an 8am Statistics class. Or knowing that your university experience is truly unique and prepares you for a globalizing economy. Hundreds of thousands of students will apply to college this fall, all of them looking for something to set them apart. For those who would like to truly be different while getting an unparalleled education, earning a degree in Europe may be worth considering. Streamlined Admissions Colleges in the United States tend to take a holistic approach to student admissions. This means that in addition to academic qualifications like grades or test scores, admissions committees also consider extracurriculars, work history, socioeconomic background, and community service. Those are all important factors that can shape a person’s life, but for European admissions, almost none of it matters. Instead, an applicant’s chances of admission come largely down to his or her demonstrated ability to study a given field. Put plainly, that means academic achievement. However, it is not a simple matter of getting a 3.5 GPA and a decent SAT. Instead, because of the way that European degrees work, achievement within a given field is what is important. Because of this, that means European admissions lean heavily on tests like the AP, IB or SAT Subject exams. There is a silver lining to this. Most European universities only require those scores in subjects viewed as relevant to the applicant’s degree. Want to study history but hate math? In that case, feel no need to submit scores on AP Calculus AB. Additionally, this almost means that demonstrated passion about a field is important. Make sure that it shines through your letters of recommendation as well as your personal statement. Greater Focus on Field of Degree This focus only on the field of a degree carries through to the study of the degree itself. Unlike American colleges, which often require nearly a quarter of coursework to be in general education courses, European universities require students to do the vast majority of their work in the field of the degree. Electives can be chosen in related topics (e.g. a math student can take extra courses in computer science), but European universities are not the time to find yourself in terms of interests. This means that you will pursue your field to considerable depth. The Rhodes Trust compares a European BA to an American MA, and this is not without merit. Additionally, because of subject-specific admissions requirements, many degrees have few prerequisite courses. Less Time and Lower Cost This increased focus on the field of the degree, and lack of general education requirements, means that European degrees can typically be earned faster than their American counterparts. A typical BA takes only three years. Some language degrees take four, but that includes a year abroad, while science degrees that take four years often include both a BA and an MA. This decreased period of study makes for a much cheaper degree. In places like Germany, this is further enhanced by the fact that tuition is free for American students. Even in the UK, which has some of the most expensive degrees in Europe, the total cost of the degree is comparable to that of in-state tuition and fees. That includes living expenses and travel to and from Europe. While financial aid is often more restrictive than in the United States, many Federal loans still apply. Finally, because the degree is earned faster, that means less time living on loans as a student and more time making money as a professional. Going to School in Europe Means Living in Europe Perhaps best of all, studying in Europe affords the opportunity to live in Europe for an extended period of time. Breaks from studies no longer mean a road trip to a rundown motel near the beach, but instead offer flights to Paris, London, Rome or Barcelona. Other students’ dream trips become your weekend escapes. A semester study abroad program often tends to be insular among other Americans, but enrollment as a typical student affords the chance to build relationships with students native to the host country. That can not only enrich personal experiences, but also lead to unique professional experiences down the road. Going to College Abroad IS Different That said, a European degree is not for everyone. While a handful of universities offer enrollment to undecided students, most expect applicants to know what they want to study. Also, due to the greater focus on academics, instructors and fellow students will expect for you to have an interest in the field. Social life can also be different. Fraternities and sororities are almost non-existent in Europe, but instead are replaced by other forms of socialization. Well-run student unions often handle many aspects of student life, and being in a leadership position of one of them is a considerable achievement. Finally, varsity sports are unheard of. Club sports may compete under the banner of a university, but none of them receive any amount of funding comparable to what can be found in the United States. That doesnt mean that sports are non-existent, however. Europeans DO know a thing or two about rugby and soccer (and the British love American football), so there are still plenty of chances to scream from the stands. In short, a degree in Europe may not be for everyone. However, for those who know what they want to study, would prefer to not spend time on general ed requirements, and won’t miss Greek life or tailgating, it can be a truly life-changing experience.

A List of English Singulars That Are French Plurals

Nouns are not always singular in both French and English. Here is a list of words that are singular or uncountable, or have unmarked plurals in English but are plural or countable in French. * These are usually but not always plural in French ** Data is the plural of datum but is commonly used as a singular noun in English *** The plurals of these nouns are unmarked in English **** These nouns are uncountable in English but countable in French In addition, adjectives that are used as nouns when referring to a group of people do not have an s in English, though they do in French: Advice  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  ConseilsAmmunition  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  MunitionsAsparagus — AspergesAttic  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  ComblesAudience  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Spectateurs, auditeursBaggage, luggage  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  BagagesBroccoli  Ã¢â‚¬â€ BrocolisBusiness  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  AffairesTo cause damage  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Causer des dà ©gà ¢tsCereal  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Cà ©rà ©alesChess  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Ãƒâ€°checsClothing  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Và ªtementsContact information/name and address  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Coordonnà ©esDamage  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Dommage(s),* dà ©gà ¢tsDarkness  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Tà ©nà ¨bresData**  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Donnà ©esDebris  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Dà ©brisDeer  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Cerf(s), biche(s)***Deposit  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ArrhesTo do research  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Faire des recherchesEngagement  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Fianà §aillesEvidence — Preuve(s)****To feel remorse  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Éprouver des remordsFish  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Poisson(s)***Food  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Vivres, victuaillesForecast — Prà ©visionsFruit  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Fruit(s)****Funeral — Funà ©r ailles, obsà ¨quesFurniture  Ã¢â‚¬â€ MeublesGarbage, rubbish  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Dà ©chets, orduresGift (for Christmas or New Years)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ÉtrennesGraffiti — GraffitisHair — CheveuxHavoc — RavagesHay  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Foins*Herringbone  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ChevronsHoliday(s) (British English) — VacancesHomework — DevoirsIncome  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Revenu(s), rente(s)*Information  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Informations, renseignementsKnowledge  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Connaissances*Lovemaking  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ébats amoureux/sexuelsMath (American English)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ MathsMedicine  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Mà ©dicamentsOffal — AbatsPasta  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Pà ¢tesPeriod (to have ones period)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Rà ¨gles (avoir ses rà ¨gles)Progress  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Progrà ¨s*Quicksand  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Sables mouvantsRubble  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Dà ©combresScience  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Sciences*Sheep  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Mouton(s)***Shrimp — CrevettesSoftware  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Logiciel(s)****Spaghetti  Ã¢â‚¬â€ SpaghettisSpinach  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚     Ãƒâ€°pinardsStatic  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ParasitesTheres a good chance that†¦Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Il y a de fortes chances que...Transportation  Ã¢â‚¬â€ TransportsVacation  Ã¢â‚¬â€ VacancesVicinity  Ã¢â‚¬â€ EnvironsVolcanic smoke and gas  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Fumerolles*Wedding  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Noces*The dead  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Les mortsThe living  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Les vivantsThe poor — Les pauvresThe rich  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Les richesThe sick —  Les maladesThe young  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Les jeunes Some Nouns Are Singular in French and Plural in English Nouns are not always singular in both French and English. Here is a list of words that are singular, uncountable, or invariable in French but are plural or countable in English. * These are usually but not always singular in French** Many French  compound nouns  are invariable, though their English equivalents are variable. News — Lactualità ©Oats — Avoine  (fem)Scales — Une  balanceDrums — La batterieBoxer shorts — Un boxer-shortSwimming trunks — Un caleà §on de bainTights — Collant(s)*Contents — Le  contenu, la  contenanceOveralls, dungarees — Une  cotteDentures — Un  dentierEpsom salts — Epsomite (fem)Stairs — Un  escalierFireworks — Un feu  dartificeFruit — Un fruit (piece of)Skyscraper — Un  gratte-ciel**Gums — La  genciveJeans — Un jeanSweat pants — Un joggingTo do the dishes — Laver la  vaisselle(Piece of) news — Une  nouvelle(Loaf of) bread — Un painPants, trousers — Un  pantalonPliers — Pince(s)*Wire cutters — Une  pince  coupanteWire strippers — Une  pince  Ãƒ   dà ©nuderTweezers — Une  pince  Ãƒ   à ©pilerIce tongs — Une  pince  Ãƒ   glace  Nail clippers †” Une  pince  Ãƒ  Ã‚  onglesCoin purse, wallet — Un porte-monnaie**Pyjamas — Un  pyjamaShorts — un  shortUnderpants — Un slipSwimming trunks — Un slip de bainBellows — Un  souffletDishes, crockery (to do the dishes) — La  vaisselle  (faire  la  vaisselle) Some French Nouns Can Only Be Singular In both French and English, many nouns can be singular or plural:  un  homme  (one man),  deux  hommes  (two men),  la chaise  (the chair),  les  chaises  (the chairs). But there are quite a few French nouns that can only be singular, sometimes because the noun has a  different meaning in the plural. Here are some French nouns that can only be singular: Abstract Nouns Le bonheur — HappinessLa  chaleur — Heat, warmthLa charità © — Charity, kindnessLe  chaud — HeatLe courage — CourageLa  faim — HungerLe  froid — ColdLa  haine — HatredLa  malchance — Bad luck, misfortuneLa mà ©lancolie — Melancholy, gloomLa  peur — FearLa  soif  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ThirstLa tristesse — SadnessLa  vaillance — Courage, valor Arts and Crafts Le cinà ©ma — Cinema,  movie  industryLa couture — SewingLa  danse — DancingLe dessin — DrawingLa  peinture — PaintingLa sculpture — SculptingLe thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre — TheaterLe  tissage — WeavingLe tricot — Knitting Directions La  droite — RightLest  (m) — EastLa gauche — LeftLe  nord — NorthLouest  (m) — WestLe sud — South Materials and Matter Acier  (m) — SteelArgent  (m) — SilverLe bois — WoodLe coton — CottonLe cuir — LeatherLe cuivre — CopperLe fer — IronOr  (m) — GoldLe papier — PaperLe plastique — PlasticLe plà ¢tre — PlasterLa soie — SilkLe verre — Glass Sciences La biologie — BiologyLa botanique — BotanyLa chimie — ChemistryLa gà ©ologie — GeologyLa linguistique — LinguisticsLa philosophie — PhilosophyLa physique — PhysicsLa psychologie — PsychologyLa sociologie — Sociology Some French Nouns Can Only Be Plural In both French and English, many nouns can be singular or plural:  un homme  (one man),  deux hommes  (two men),  la chaise  (the chair),  les chaises  (the chairs). But there are quite a few French nouns that can only be plural, sometimes because the noun has a  different meaning in the singular. Here are some French nouns that can only be plural: Les abats  (m) — Offal, gibletsLes acariens  (m) — Dust mitesLes affres  (f) — Agony, throesLes agissements  (m) — Schemes, intriguesLes agrà ¨s  (m) — (Sports) apparatusLes alentours  (m) — Neighborhood, surroundingsLes annales  (f) — AnnalsLes appointements  (m) — SalaryLes archives  (f) — ArchivesLes armoiries  (f) — Coat of armsLes arrà ©rages  (m) — ArrearsLes arrhes  (f) — DepositLes auspices  (m) — Auspices, patronageLes beaux-arts  (m) — Fine artsLes beaux-enfants  (m) — Childrens spouses, in-laws / spouses children, stepchildrenLes beaux-parents  (m) — Spouses parents, in-laws / parents spouses, stepparentsLes bestiaux  (m) — Livestock, cattleLes bonnes grà ¢ces  (f) — Someones favor, good gracesLes brisants  (m) — (Ocean) breakersLes brisà ©es  (f) — Someones territory, footstepsLes catacombes   (f) — CatacombsLes cà ©rà ©ales  (f) — CerealLes cheveux  (m) — HairLes comestibles  (m) — Fine foodsLes communaux  (m) — Common landLes condolà ©ances  (f) — CondolencesLes confins  (m) — Borders, fringesLes coordonnà ©es  (f) — CoordinatesLes dà ©boires  (m) — Disappointments, setbacks, trialsLes dà ©combres  (m) — Rubble, debrisLes dà ©pens  (m) — Costs, expenseLes dolà ©ances  (f) — Complaints, grievancesLes à ©bats  (m) — FrolickingLes entrailles  (f) — Entrails, gutsLes environs  (m) — Outskirts, surroundingsLes à ©pousailles  (f) — NuptialsLes à ©trennes  (f) — Fift (for  Christmas  or  New Years)Les faà §ons  (f) — Manners, behaviorLes floralies  (f) — Flower showLes fonts baptismaux  (f) — Baptismal fontLes fianà §ailles  (f) — EngagementLes frais  (m) — Expe nses, chargesLes frusques (f informal) — Clothes, togs, ragsLes funerailles  (f) — FuneralLes gens  (m) — PeopleLes grands-parents  (m) — GrandparentsLes honoraires  (m) — FeesLes intempà ©ries  (f) — Bad weatherLes latrines  (f) — LatrineLes limbes  (m) — LimboLes lombes  (m) — LoinsLes mathà ©matiques  (f) — Math(s)Les mà ©moires  (m) — MemoirsLes menottes  (f) — HandcuffsLes mÅ“urs  (f) — Morals, customsLes munitions  (f) — AmmunitionLes obsà ¨ques  (f) — FuneralLes ordures  (f) — Trash, rubbishLes ouà ¯es  (f) — GillsLes pà ¢tes  (f) — Pasta, noodlesLes pierreries  (f) — Gems, precious stonesLes pourparlers  (m) — Negotiations, talksLes prà ©paratifs  (m) — PreparationsLes proches  (m) — Close relations, next of kinLes ravages  (m) — Havoc, ravagesLes reprà ©saillesà ‚  (f) — Retaliation, reprisalsLes royalties  (f) — RoyaltiesLes scellà ©s  (m) — Seals (e.g., on a door)Les semailles  (f) — Sowing, seedsLes sà ©vices  (m) — Physical cruelty, abuseLes tà ©nà ¨bres  (f) — Darkness, gloomLes thermes  (m) — Thermal bathsLes toilettes  (f) — Lavatory, restroomLes vacances  (f) — Vacation, (UK) holidayLes và ªpres  (f) — VespersLes victuailles  (f) — Food, victualsLes vivres  (m) — Food, supplies, provisions French Nouns With Different Meanings Depending on Number Some French nouns can only be singular, some can only be plural, and some have different meanings depending on whether they are singular or plural. Abattis  (m) — BrushwoodLes abattis  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Giblets, (informal) arms and legs, limbsAssise  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Wall support, foundationAssises  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Assembly, conferenceAutorità ©Ã‚  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ AuthorityLes autorità ©s  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The authoritiesLe barbe  Ã¢â‚¬â€ BarbLa barbe  Ã¢â‚¬â€ BeardLes barbes  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ragged edgeLe bois  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Wood (in general), woodwind instrumentLes bois  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Woodwind sectionLe ciseau  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ChiselLes ciseaux  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ScissorsLe comble  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Height, peak; last straw (figurative)Les combles  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ AtticLe cuivre  Ã¢â‚¬â€ CopperLes cuivres  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Copper instruments, toolsLa douceur  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Softness, gentlenessLes douceurs  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Sweets, desserts; sweet talkEau  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Water (in general)Les eaux  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ River/lake/sea water, wakeÉconomie  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ EconomicsLes à ©conomies  (f)   — SavingsÉcriture  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Writing, (finance) entryLes à ©critures  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Accounts, booksLa faà §on  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Way, manner, meansLes faà §ons  (f) — Manners, behaviorLe fer  Ã¢â‚¬â€ IronLes fers  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Chains, fettersLe guide  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Guide (book, tour)La guide  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Girl scout/guideLes guides  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ ReinsHumanità ©Ã‚  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Humanity, mankindLes humanità ©s  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Humanities, classicsLe lendemain  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The next day, the period right afterLes lendemains  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Future, prospects, consequencesLa lunette  Ã¢â‚¬â€ TelescopeLes lunettes  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Glasses, spectaclesLa mà ©moire  Ã¢â‚¬â€ MemoryLe mà ©moire  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Memorandum, reportLes mà ©moires  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ MemoirsLa menotte  Ã¢â‚¬â€ (babytalk) HandLes menottes  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ HandcuffsOuà ¯e  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ (sense of) HearingLes ouà ¯es  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ GillsLe papier  Ã¢â ‚¬â€ PaperLes papiers  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ DocumentationLa pà ¢te  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Pastry, doughLes pà ¢tes  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Pasta, noodlesLe ravage  Ã¢â‚¬â€ (Literary)  pillagingLes ravages  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Havoc, ravagesLe status  Ã¢â‚¬â€ StatusLes status  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ StatutesLa toilette  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Toilette, hygiene, act of getting readyLes toilettes  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Lavatory, restroomLa vacance  Ã¢â‚¬â€ VacancyLes vacances  (f)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Vacation, holiday When talking about arts and crafts, a singular noun indicates the activity itself, while both the singular and plural refer to the product. Le cinà ©ma  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Cinema, movie industryLe(s) cinà ©ma(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Cinema(s), movie theater(s)La couture  Ã¢â‚¬â€ SewingLa (les) couture(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Seam(s)La danse  Ã¢â‚¬â€ DancingLa (les) danse(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Dance(s)Le dessin  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The act of drawingLe(s) dessin(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Drawing(s)La peinture  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The act of paintingLa (les) peinture(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Painting(s)La sculpture  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The act of sculptingLa (les) sculpture(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Sculpture(s)Le thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Theater artsLe(s) thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Theaters(s)Le tricot  Ã¢â‚¬â€ The act of knittingLe(s) tricot(s)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Sweater(s), jumper(s) Languages  are always singular (and always,  au fait, masculine). When the name of a language is capitalized, both the singular and plural indicate people of that nationality. Anglais  (m) — English languageUn Anglais, des Anglais  Ã¢â‚¬â€ An Englishman, English peopleArabe  (m)  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Arabic languageUn Arabe, des Arabes  Ã¢â‚¬â€ An Arab, ArabsLe franà §ais  Ã¢â‚¬â€ French languageUn Franà §ais, des Franà §ais  Ã¢â‚¬â€ A Frenchman, French people

The Gilded Age And The Labor Movement - 1390 Words

Evan Anton Professor Andrea Estepa Final Draft The Gilded Age and the Labor Movement The Gilded Age took place during the last thirty years of the nineteenth century where unionization of workers became more frequent. The reasoning behind the name of this era is due to the fact that everything seemed nice on the outside in America, but in actuality corruption and inequality could be found underneath the surface. As the economy was changing during the industrial revolution, workers began leaving rural areas and flooding to urban areas for the opportunities, such as working for the oil or steel industry. The development of steam engine railroads for transportation and increased development of factory manufacturing techniques, caused more urbanization and generation of wealth for the employers. These factors of the changing work world cause the emergence of organization of the labor movement. The labor movement effectively made the workers voice heard but was less successful in achieving their main goals when bargaining with employers. Working conditions that came along with the new job opportunities included long hours, low wages, and unregulated hazardous working conditions. Some people worked 12 hour days; 6 to 7 days a week, in such horrible environments. At this time there was no sick pay, vacation pay, no unemployment insurance, and worst of all injuries went without compensation. These were all issues that would be addressed in the future by the labor movement.Show MoreRelatedDuring the 19th century, America was going through an important transition. The nation was dealing1300 Words   |  6 Pagesto the period deemed the â€Å"Gilded Age†. The nation saw economic growth and the creation of the mass market. The rise of industrialization and transition to urban living were some of the defining moments of this period. However, the most defining idea of the Gilded Age is Reform: Social, Political, and economic. The Gilded Age was plagued with the problems that, the reconstruction period failed to solve. During the Gilded Age, social, political, and economic reform movements were gaining ground. BlacksRead MoreEssay about Change and Continuity in the Guilded Age1194 Words   |  5 Pages Change and Continuity in the Gilded Age Emergence of Modern America nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; â€Å"Every day things change, but basically they stay the same.†-Dave Matthews Change and continuity are two major principles of life. They can easily be applied to history because their application accurately portrays the circumstances, and characterizes the era of interest. Merriam-Webster defines continuity as an uninterrupted connection, succession, or union, or an uninterruptedRead MoreThe Gilded Age Of The Nineteenth Century And The Succeeding Period887 Words   |  4 PagesTwo prominent eras of American History were the Gilded Age at the end of the nineteenth century and the succeeding period, the Progressive Era. The Gilded Age, also know as the Second Industrial Revolution, was a peak of high economic development with the rise of technological advancements in a free market environment, meaning that the economy was driven by self-interest instead of government authority. Besides its economic growth, the Gilded Age handle changes in social divisions. After the abolishmentRead MoreThe Gilded Age : Fear Of Reform1351 Words   |  6 PagesFear of Reform i n the Gilded Age The Gilded Age was an important time in America’s development. Chicago was a zeitgeist for the Gilded Age, with railroads flowing in and out from all over the country; its no wonder Chicago became a hub for both economic productivity and turmoil. It was a period of both prosperity and poverty. The Gilded Age was marred by tensions over the wealth gap, political corruption, communism, immigration, fear of reform, and of course labor and worker rights.Read More The Gilded Age Essay1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe Gilded Age Mark Twain collaborated with Charles Dudley Warner on The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today. Published in 1973, as Twain’s earliest work of extended fiction, The Gilded Age gives a name to the period of opulence and corruption at the end of the 19th century. Portraying the superficial luxury of Washington and high society, the authors describe â€Å"The general laxity of the time, and the absence of a sense of duty toward any part of the community but the individual himself† (Twain 203)Read MoreThe Most Dangerous Industry Of The United States957 Words   |  4 PagesIn the year 1870, 739,164 children between the ages of 10 and 15 were employed in the United falling just short of 20 percent of the workforce. Thirty years later in the 1900 census, two million children were working in mills, mines, fields, factories, stores, and on city streets across the United States. But with increasing numbers of children being put into the workforce, the conditions in which they worked r apidly declined. Such rapidly declining conditions were due to â€Å"compulsory educationRead MoreWomen During The Civil War997 Words   |  4 PagesMany people believe that women did not play any essential roles in our country’s history until the 1960s. However, this is not the case. Women have played many vital roles in suffrage movements as attempts to shed light upon or cure many of the ills of American society throughout American history. As an example, women fought to change the course and ideologies that were bestowed upon them by the traditional viewpoints of society of the time. The status of women was shifting rapidly in the ProgressiveRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of The Gilded Age1455 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the progressive era there were many reform movements due to the abundance of political, social, and economical corruption in America in the gilded age as seen by political machines like William Marcy tweed and American financiers like J.P. Morgan. Some of the many issues that made themselves present in the gilded age include the large wealth gap, child labor, women’s lack of rights, influx of immigrants, Urbanization, Indian wars, monopolists, political machines, and alcoholism. All ofRead MoreThe History of Labor Unions Essay508 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the Progressive Era of the Gilded Age, many laborers were being mistreated by the companies that they worked for. Because of this, worke rs started forming labor unions or organized association of workers, formed to protect and further their rights and interests. Many of these labor unions failed, while few of them achieved their goals and still exist today. Many factors contributed to the failure of these labor unions. The labor unions were given a bad image, the reason for this was the mediaRead MoreFreedom During The Gilded Age922 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom during the Gilded Age The meaning of freedom for black Americans have changed over time, during the Gilded Age Blacks’ definition of freedom was defined as a new â€Å"social order† still driven at the hope of an American society breaking free from the anti-democratic restraints imposed by a corrupt government. This concept of freedom changed when WWII and the 1960’s Conservative Revolution started ,allowing blacks to reap the benefits of social, political and economic prosperities by having the

Strategic Management Strategists at Work

Question: Task A: Provide a table that presents a brief description and key references of concepts and tools with respect to organisational resources and capabilities. Task B: Provide table(s) and/or figure(s) to illustrate the application of value chain analysis to this case study. Show where and how key capabilities are developed, employed and managed. Task C: Drawing on your value chain analysis and on concepts / tools outlined in Task A: Undertake a VRIN analysis. Identify the capabilities which underpin Dysons sustained and / or temporary competitive advantage. Develop strategy implications in relation to Dysons strengths and weaknesses. Answer: Patch 1 Inside Dyson-a distinctive company Task A: Concepts and tools with respect to organizational resources and capabilities Inside Dyson- Resources Capabilities Physical resources Inside Dyson- the distinctive company has its head quarters at the rural part of West England The company has the collaboration of 350 engineers and scientists working together along with countless ground staffs and usual personnel (MacIntosh and Maclean, 2014). Inside Dyson has 20 specialized laboratories and 120 testing stations in operation with the largest testing facilities at Malaysia The business operation in UK employ around 1200 varied workforce: some are freshly qualified, some with experience, whereas some invent way out ideas. Corporate Inside Dyson has the capability to apply engineering to functional problems in a pattern that respect design as an art (Bianchi, 2012). Clear corporate level of commitment in the process of product development with half of organizations profit is channelled in creativity of new ideas Creativity of new ideas is based on the following four key attributes: thinking, testing, breaking and questioning (Bowen and Bowen, 2014). Human Resource Engineers are given the freedom to develop innovative ideas and bring them to life Organizational culture support the adaptation of unconventional routes and taking new risks (Kunc and Kazakov, 2014). Creative and courageous employees are given the opportunity to make a difference Business As the name suggest distinctive, the company is established on the ground of innovative products distinctive from its competitors in design and engineering (bag less vacuum cleaners, time and energy efficient hand-dryers, desk fan with no blades) Products by Dyson are distinctive and marketed as robust in the developed economy (Antrs and Chor, 2013). The company has developed sound-absorbing panels to in order to ensure privacy of business conversation Functional Advertisement of products in bright colours featuring James Dyson Products are produced in vibrant eye catching colours that stand out of the crowd (Levchenko et al. 2011). The firms central focus of promotion is through personal brand and James Dysons own image The organizational culture of Dyson is defined by its adaptation of unconventional routes and risks Task B: Value chain analysis Value chain is a vital form of analysis on businesses by which the company decompose into its constituent parts, seek to identify sources of competitive advantage in the value generating activities of Inside Dyson. Moreover, the company can achieve competitive advantage in the industry, if it is enable to develop and integrate its value chain activities in a cheap rate or better differentiated than its competitors (Drost et al.2012). Thus, the value chain of Inside Dyson: a constructive company is developed by the activities generating added value and the margins it contribute. Value Chain is divided into two distinct parts i.e. Primary activities and Support activities Inbound Logistics Operations Outbound logistics Sales and Marketing Services The Inside Dyson manufacturing plant is located at rural part of West England, consist of 350 engineers, scientists and countless personnel invent distinctive products. Company maintain control on its secrecy, by access to building and subsequent areas via thumb print and develop sound-absorbing panels for product meeting and inbound logistics Vacuum cleaners, hand dryers, desk fans, control sliding kitchen, robotic vacuums with the success of iRobots(Porter, and Kramer, 2011). The manufacturing of Vacuum value chain is in Malaysia and hand dryers at China, as the labour and cost of warehousing are cheap (Dyson, 2014). Testing facility nearer to the supplier maintains the quality standards. The consumer products are distributed across 45 countries, including competitive markets of china, Japan and UK(home) Dyson products are distinctive and innovative, be it bag less vacuum cleaner, energy and time efficient hand dryers or with no blades (Churchill et al.2013). The products are easily identifiable with its bright colour variation and robust feature, promotion is done through Dysons own image and personal brand. Dyson won online and retail outlets to conduct the major distribution functions Design is deeply embedded in engineering and protected by IP rights Infrastructure The company has large testing facility in Malaysia and operating continuously over 120 testing stations. With its head quarter at West England, the operation in UK employs 1200 varied workforce: some freshly qualified, some experienced and some with way out ideas (Genn et al.2014). Human Resource management Creative ideas of employees are encouraged and rewarded who promotes engineering and design. Staffs are encouraged to process their way out ideas and cost is rewarded for their efforts. Dyson HQ is the home of 350 engineers, scientist and countless ground staffs (Stickney et al.2011). Technology development The company emphasize on design and development of innovative products with amalgamation of engineering and art. Half of its profit is ploughed back for developing and testing 1000 of prototypes. Dysons commercially successful vacuum product is developed using cyclone technology. Procurement Procurement is done nearby the suppliers of raw materials, and the prototypes are tested thoroughly for zero defects in procurement stage (Ogasawara et al.2014). The manufacturing part of vacuum value chain is in Malaysia, and later the hand dryers in Nanjing in China Task C: VRIN analysis and Strategy implication respective to Dysons strengths and weaknesses Valuable Rare Imitable Non-substitutable The prestigious brand name Dyson, and brand awareness is an asset that possess intangible value to the firm. The product design at Dyson is deeply embedded in engineering and has the capability to operate in a radically different way, thus making their products rare in comparison to competitors. Resources are rare, each product is patent thus preventing other companies to use such technologies. Dyson considers that the amalgamation of design engineering with and manufacturing is magnificent in development of innovative products and also generate inimitable competencies that are protected through patent(Friedlander et al.2013). Patent and innovation makes its products non-substitutable that starts from bag less vacuum cleaners, time and energy efficient hand dryers, desk fans without blades (Takashima et al.2012). Dysons vacuums are patented with ball technology, hand blender wipes off water using less energy, and desk fan has 11 patent applications and thus are non-substitutable. The strength of Dyson Company is centred on its protection of Intellectual copyright by the patenting process of every innovative product. It private ownership, secrecy and international availability of the product has allowed the company to give consumers value for their money. The weakness will incur when a patent expires or when the government changes its policy towards the proprietary technology, which finally generates great deal of dependence on the promotion part (Friedlander and Yeh, 2012). Dyson has strictly protected its secrecy from competitors who might attempt to find the companys strategy, however owing to the value chain it has created; competitors of Dyson find it difficult to imitate its product characteristics and price in terms of quality and durability (MacIntosh and Maclean, 2014). Such an approach will maintain sustenance of the company, till a more powerful technology intervention appears with the aim to develop better RD capacities. PATCH 2- Reorganization of Sony Corporation Task A: Organizational structure and management system Organizational structure Management system The plan of a new organizational structure for Sony involve the following: 8 out of 57 manufacturing sites are closed Reduction of 16000 workforce Expectation to reduce cost by 300 billion (Bowen and Bowen, 2014). All parts of Sony to work together and transformation of company into more innovative, agile and integrated company The management plan was focussed on: Revitalizing the electronics business Improvement of profit by reducing the business categories and models of product. It aimed at removing the redundancies and overlap business processes Focus on resources that constitute high growth business of Sony i.e. Mobile products, HD products, network-enable appliances and products, semi-conductor component device (Bianchi, 2012). Sony United was an initiative to unite company and enhance cross-collaboration Business groups Electronics business group Entertainment business group Games business group Sony financial holding group Unite and streamlining of Sonys existing and professional equipment businesses B to B solution services and Felica businesses (Kunc and Kazakov, 2014). Development and growth in the emerging market B2B solution business group Short term management measures, such as: Reduction in operational expenses and lowering of inventory cost Planning include adjustment of product pricing Withdraw from downsizing unprofitable businesses Delay of investment in semiconductor and television plants Realignment of overseas and domestic manufacturing sites Development of two cross-company units Common software technology team that develop and implement integrated technology and software solutions (Antrs and Chor, 2013). The other unit looks after manufacturing, logistics, procurement team was responsible for efficient supply chain solutions Structural constraints to their structure The Silo culture of Sony corporation prevent effective communication and cooperation across different divisions, when a problem arises Tradition bound mentality and its prime focus on developing Analog machines in a competitive digital world(Levchenko et al.2011). The recession reduced the rate of consumer spending on premium electronics product thus affecting the business High manufacturing cost of playstation 3 and reduced sales Task B The adverse implications of frequent restructuring at Sony Corporation The several restructuring programs of Sony Corporation initiated since 1994, however the initiatives have failed to attain the desired result. The adverse impact gives rise to silo culture within the organization that prevents effective communication and cooperation across its departments whenever a problem or issue arises. Frequent restructuring has adverse impact on its earning (Drost et al.2011). On slash down of its net profit from 520 billion to 120 billion, the Japanese export became uncompetitive thus affecting the sales of its digital cameras and LCD television. The drastic reduction in workforce (elimination of 16000 employees) and closing down of 9 factories were not profitable. Moreover, out of 1000 Sony subsidiaries and affiliates, one-third of them were not involved in the core business of electronics and entertainment business (Porter and Kramer, 2011). This has significant impact on customer loyalty and reliability of the brand was questioned by Sony customers. Although initiating short term measures like reduction in operational expenses and inventory cost, product pricing and downsizing from unprofitable business, realignment of manufacturing sites, Sony had failed to deliver operational efficiency and ineffective to anticipate challenges and fail on execution every time due to its inappropriate management system(Dyson, 2014). According to various analysts, the challenge of changing culture of an iconic brand is more difficult than to deal with the electronic industry of consumers. The various costs incurred during the restructuring process which in turn impact the profitability and operational efficiency of company. Task C Reorganization in February 2009 Stringers reorganization plan focussed on electronics and game business of Sony. This was aimed to strengthen the companys competitiveness and profitability. Stringent propose two forms of business groups eliminating five business groups mentioned in the previous context. The two groups were- New consumer product group and network product service group. The network product service group consider Sony personal computers, mobile products, Sony media software and services (Churchill et al.2013). It aims to develop new products using Sony technology and intended to increase the pace of innovation and lead to higher profitability. Expansion of Playstation network platform was another reorganizing initiative by Stringer. Again, the new consumer product group consider digital camera, television, home audio and video business of the company. Another area of interest encompasses the Sonys development in the emerging target market (Genn et al.2014). The plan also involved closing of 8 manufacturing sites out of 57 and reducing 16000 workforce. As a significant part of reorganization efforts, Stringer created two-cross company units. The first team was Common software technology emphasize on implementation of integrated technology and software solution. This group also concentrated to coordinate software development services (Stickney et al.2011). The other unit include manufacturing, logistics and procurement team. This team was successful to ensure efficient supply chain solutions for Sony Corporation. The reorganization by Stringer speed up the network production of products and services. This approach proved to be helpful in coordinating various divisions of Sony to work together in tandem. The reorganization initiatives effectively address the issue of prevailing silo culture within the organization. Moreover, the reorganizing effort reshuffles the position of top executives giving out all power to Stringer (Friedlander et al.2013). However, the proposed reorganization was neither successful in changing the business model of Sony Corporation, nor it intensify the operation fundamentals of Sony. The last attempt by Stringer failed in May 2009, where the Japan-based multinational company, Sony Corporation experienced a loss of 98.9 billion at the end of fiscal year March 2009(Takashima et al.2011).His attempt was unsuccessful to dissolve the silo culture as Stringers effort was to unite different silos that existed within the organization failed. Reference List MacIntosh, R., and Maclean, D. (2014).Strategic Management: Strategists at Work. Palgrave Macmillan. Bowen, G., and Bowen, D. (2014). STRATEGY FORMULATION AND UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENTS.READINGS BOOK, 22. Bianchi, C. (2012). Enhancing performance management and sustainable organizational growth through system-dynamics modelling. InSystemic management for intelligent organizations(pp. 143-161). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kunc, M., and Kazakov, R. (2014). Visualising Strategies: The impact of user interpretation of a strategic decision support system Antrs, P., and Chor, D. (2013). Organizing the global value chain.Econometrica,81(6), 2127-2204. Levchenko, K., Pitsillidis, A., Chachra, N., Enright, B., Flegyhzi, M., Grier, C., ... and Savage, S. (2011). Click trajectories: End-to-end analysis of the spam value chain. InSecurity and Privacy (SP), 2011 IEEE Symposium on(pp. 431-446). IEEE. Drost, S., Van Wijk, J., and Mandefro, F. (2012). Key-conditions for successful value chain partnerships.The Partnerships Resource Centre Working Paper,33. Porter, M. E., and Kramer, M. R. (2011). Creating shared value.Harvard business review,89(1/2), 62-77. Dyson, S. (2014). Recognition of lameness: Man versus machine.The Veterinary Journal,201(3), 245-248. Churchill, J., Dyson, J., Gammack, P. D., Hackwell, P. C. C., Nicolas, F., and Macnaughton, R. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,347,521. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Genn, S. L., Lesniowski, C., and Courtney, S. B. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,776,310. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Stickney, T. N., Gammack, P. D., and Dyson, J. (2011).U.S. Patent Application 13/248,803. Ogasawara, S., Ito, M., Ishihara, H., Hamada, N., and Miyazaki, S. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,672,767. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Friedlander, S., Young, D., and Yeh, S. T. C. (2013).U.S. Patent No. D682,856. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Takashima, K., Uchida, J., and Takahashi, Y. (2012).U.S. Patent No. 8,174,495. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Friedlander, S., and Yeh, S. T. C. (2012).U.S. Patent No. D667,023. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Grnig, R., and Khn, R. (2015). Strategy Planning Process. InThe Strategy Planning Process(pp. 41-52). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Symbols Of Christian Art In The Middle Ages Essay Example For Students

Symbols Of Christian Art In The Middle Ages Essay Christian Art created during the Middle Ages is full of symbolism. From animals and plants to colors and numbers, most every aspect of Medieval Christian art and architecture is symbolic of something. The following are examples of symbolic colors and their meanings: * Black: symbolic of death or loss We will write a custom essay on Symbols Of Christian Art In The Middle Ages specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now * Blue: the color of the sky, is symbolic of heaven, may also be used to symbolize truth * Brown: symbolic of spiritual death and degradation * Green: the color of plant life, used to represent the triumph of life over death * Purple: symbolic of penitence and mourning, is also the color of royalty * Red: the color of blood, symbolic of passion * White or silver: symbolic of purity, innocence and holiness * Yellow: symbolic of divinity, may also be used to symbolize corruption and degradation The following are examples of symbolic animals and their meanings: *Butterfly: symbolic of the Resurrection * Cat: symbolic of lust and laziness * Dove: symbolic of the Holy Spirit, also purity and peace * Fish: symbolic of Jesus * Lion: symbolic of Jesus * Ox: symbolic of strength, service and patience * Peacock: symbolic of immortality, resurrection * Stag or deer: symbolic of piety or devotion *Unicorn: symbolic of purity and of feminine chastity The following are examples of symbolic plants and their meanings: * Acacia: symbolic of the souls immortality * Bramble: symbolic of the purity of the Virgin Mary * Carnation: a red carnation symbolizes love, pink is a symbol of marriage * Clover: symbolic of the Trinity * Elm: symbolic of dignity and faithfulness. * Fern: symbolic of humility in solitude. * Fig: symbolic of lust or fertility * Grape: symbolic of the blood of Christ * Hyacinth: symbolic of prudence and peace of mind. * Ivy: symbolic of faithfulness and eternal life. * Laurel: symbolic of victory or triumph, particularly over temptation and trial * Lily: symbolizes purity * Olive: symbolic of peace, Olive oil is symbolic of Gods anointing and of the Holy Spirit * Pear: symbolic of Christs love for mankind. * Reed: symbolic of humiliation * Rose: a white rose is symbolic of purity, a red rose is symbolic of martyrdom, a wreath of roses is symbolic of heavenly joy * Strawberry: symbolic of righteousness and good works * Thistle: symbolic of the curse of sin, particularly the Fall * Wheat: symbolic of the Body of Christ in the Eucharist The following are examples of other symbolic objects and their meanings: * Apple: symbolic of sin * Bell: symbolic of the call to worship and the proclamation of the gospel to the world * Daisy: symbolic of the innocence of the Christ Child * Lamp: symbolic of wisdom or Gods presence * pearl: symbolic of the kingdom of heaven * Rainbow: symbolic of Gods faithfulness and of His pardon and reconciliation to the faithful * Scallop or Cockle Shell: symbolic of baptism, especially that of Christ * Trumpet: symbolic of the Last Judgment, the resurrection, and the call to worship The following are examples of symbolic numbers and their meanings: * One: symbolic of singularity or of unity * Two: symbolic of duality, often used to represent the material and spiritual, or the human and divine natures of Christ * Three: symbolic of the Trinity Father, Son and Holy Spirit * Four: symbolic of the four Evangelists, also used to represent the four corners of the earth or the four seasons * Five: symbolic of the wounds Jesus received on the cross * Six: symbolic of creation and the created order because God created everything in six days * Seven: symbolic of perfection and rest * Eight: symbolic of regeneration or resurrection * Nine: symbolic of mystery or the angels number because the Bible mentions nine choirs of angels .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .postImageUrl , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:hover , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:visited , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:active { border:0!important; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:active , .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20 .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u567e61a4f7b27bc8e16fc993f486cc20:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Stealing Essay* Ten: symbolic of completion * Twelve: symbolic of the whole church * Thirteen: symbolic of betrayal * Forty: symbolic of trial or testing * One hundred: symbolic of completeness or plenitude since it is ten times ten * One thousand: symbolic of an incalculably large number or eternity.